Divergent body mass index trajectories between aboriginal and non‐aboriginal canadians 1994–2009—an exploration of age, period, and cohort effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Aboriginal Canadians have a high burden of obesity and obesity-related chronic conditions. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories from 1994 to 2009 were estimated for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians using self-reported height and weight data from the National Population Health Survey to explore age, period, and cohort effects of BMI change. METHODS: Linear growth curve models were estimated for 311 Aboriginal and 10,967 non-Aboriginal respondents divided into five birth cohorts born in the 1940s, 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s. RESULTS: Overall, Aboriginal Canadians experienced higher rates of BMI increase over the 14-year period. Rate of BMI increase was specifically higher for Aboriginal adults born in the 1960s and 1970s when compared with non-Aboriginal adults. At ages 25, 35, and 45, recent-born cohorts had consistently higher BMIs compared with earlier-born cohorts with magnitudes of differences typically larger in the Aboriginal population. Recent-born cohorts also exhibited steeper BMI trajectories. CONCLUSIONS: Cohort effects may be responsible for the divergent BMI trajectories between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians born in the 1960s and 1970s. Aboriginal Canadians, particularly of more recent-born cohorts, experienced faster increases in BMI from 1994 to 2009 than non-Aboriginal Canadians, suggesting that prevalence of obesity will continue to rise in this population without intervention.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".