Polymerization behavior within adhesive layer of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives: A micro-Raman spectroscopic study
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the polymerization behavior within the adhesive layer of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives at the dentincomposite interface. Dentin surfaces were applied with Clearfil S(3) Bond (TS), Clearfil S(3) Bond Plus (TSP) and Clearfil SE Bond (SE), and then placed with a light-curing resin composite. After water storage for 24 h, the bonded teeth were sectioned and polished perpendicular to the adhesive interface, and the degree of conversion (DC) of the adhesive layer between the dentin and composite were determined using micro-Raman analysis. For all the adhesives, the DCs of the adhesive layers significantly decreased near the adhesive-composite join (p<0.05). For the maximum DC value (Pmax) and the DC value at the adhesive-composite join (Pitf), TS was significantly lower than TSP and SE (p<0.05). The polymerization of oxygen-inhibited layer at the top of the adhesive could not reach maximum DC even after polymerization of the overlying resin composite.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it