The Influence of Open-Heart Surgery during Extreme Hemodilution on the Hemostatic Mechanism in the Dog
Bibliographic record
Abstract
12 Labrador retriever dogs had mitral disc valves implanted during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with extreme hemodilution, obtained with preoperative blood withdrawal, the use of blood-free priming fluid during perfusion, and retransfusion of autologous blood. Before operation, platelet adhesiveness as well as the reactivity of the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation systems were markedly higher than in man. During CPB, the number of functioning platelets was very low, but increased after retransfusion, and were after 4 h twice as high as in 7 human patients who received aortic disc valves during CPB with extreme dilution. The extrinsic coagulation system also reacted much faster during and after CPB in the dogs, and heparin activity was rapidly neutralized and intrinsic coagulation normalized in them. Intravascular coagulation did not occur, and more hemolysis was induced in the dogs than in the patients. 3 of the dogs died from valve thrombosis within 24 h. The high reactivity of platelets and coagulation systems in the dog makes the canine model a very difficult one for experimental open-heart surgery because of a strong tendency to thrombosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".