Partial Deletion of Pten in the Hypothalamus Leads to Growth Defects that Cannot be Rescued by Exogenous Growth Hormone
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The GH/IGF-I axis plays a critical role in mammalian body growth. GH is secreted by the anterior pituitary, and its actions are primarily mediated by IGF-I that is secreted by the liver and other tissues. Local and circulating IGF-I action is largely mediated by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathway, and phosphatase with tensin homology (PTEN) is a potent negative regulator of this pathway. Here we show that RIPcre+Ptenfl/fl mice, which exhibit PTEN deletion in insulin-transcribing neurons of the hypothalamus in addition to pancreatic beta-cells, result in a small-body phenotype that is associated with an unexpected increase in serum IGF-I levels. We tested whether exogenous GH can override the growth defect in RIPcre+Ptenfl/fl mice. Our results showed no significant difference in their growth between the RIPcre+Ptenfl/fl mice injected with GH or vehicle. Together, PTEN in the hypothalamic insulin-transcribing neurons plays an essential role in body size determination, and systemic GH cannot overcome the growth defect in these mice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".