A Border within a Border: The Migrants' Squatter Settlement in Patras as a Heterotopia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The routes of migrants without papers towards Western European countries often converge at the city of Patras, a city in the western borders of Greece with a port connecting to Italy. Around 2001, the migrants who lived there temporarily—until they managed to cross the border—built a squatter settlement. Following a period of social and political tensions, the settlement was finally demolished in 2009. In this paper I approach the settlement in Patras as a heterotopia, a place of the “other,” the different, as conceptualized by Michel Foucault and others. Heterotopias are like counter-sites in which all the other real sites that can be found within the culture are simultaneously represented, contested and inverted. Reading the migrants' settlement as a heterotopic space helps unpack invisible aspects not only of the settlement but also of the city. Exploring the settlement and the city as interrelated spaces, I discuss the social, economic and spatial relations that operate in each of those spaces and also connect them: how borders and migrant illegality operate in the level of everyday life; how space, time, practices and strategies are renegotiated within several geographic scales, from the body to the global. By approaching the migrants' settlement in Patras as a heterotopia, I propose a reading of borders, migration and urban space as processes where several levels of conflict, power and resistance operate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".