Liquid Melevodopa Versus Standard Levodopa in Patients With Parkinson Disease and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Patients with Parkinson disease exhibit a highly increased prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), which has been also associated with the severity of motor fluctuations. Aim of this study was to test the efficacy of liquid levodopa with higher bioavailability in patients with SIBO. METHODS: Thirty-three patients with Parkinson disease underwent both lactulose and glucose breath tests to assess the presence of SIBO. A urea breath test was performed to assess the presence of a concomitant Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients were challenged with 250 mg of levodopa and 314 mg of levodopa methylester. Drug challenges were performed on different days and at baseline and 1 month after SIBO eradication. During the tests, the motor condition and the plasma levodopa concentrations were evaluated. RESULTS: At baseline, the onset of motor benefit was significantly shorter after melevodopa than after standard levodopa, as confirmed by the latency to motor on condition and t max (time to the on condition, 28.8±11.5 vs 55.5±40.2 minutes; P=0.0004; and t max, 28.2±9.7 vs 50.0±11.0 minutes; P=0.002). The duration of the on time or area under the curve was not significantly different. The underlying gastrointestinal condition did not influence these results. CONCLUSIONS: The reduction of the latency to the on condition in the absence of a reduction of the on duration is a promising feature of melevodopa because this effect would increase the total daily on duration. Future studies that evaluate the usefulness of melevodopa beyond the acute challenge (eg, using motor diaries) in patients with gastrointestinal infections are warranted.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it