X-ray<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>photoelectron and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>resonant x-ray emission spectra of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>metals in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ni</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mn</mml:mi><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">In</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sn</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sb</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>Heusler alloys
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Magnetic and chemical bonding effects in Heusler alloys ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}\mathrm{Mn}\mathrm{In}$, ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}\mathrm{Mn}\mathrm{Sn}$, and ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}\mathrm{Mn}\mathrm{Sb}$ were studied by soft x-ray spectroscopy. Exchange splitting detected in Mn $2p$ core-level x-ray photoelectron spectra and an increase of the Mn ${L}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}∕{L}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ intensity ratio in nonresonant x-ray emission spectra show that atomic magnetic moment at Mn is higher than that of pure metal. Spin polarized density of states calculations and comparative analysis of Mn and Ni ${L}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ resonant x-ray emission spectra (RXES) demonstrate that the spin splitting in Mn $3d$ shell is larger than in Ni $3d$ shell. The $d\text{\ensuremath{-}}d$ transitions observed in ${L}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ RXES of Mn and Ni are suggested to be more intensive for Mn than for Ni valence electrons when initiated by off-resonant excitations. Experimental findings are supported by photoelectron spectra calculations and developed two-step model of resonant x-ray emission. The interplay between Mn ${L}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ RXES and calculated magnetic moments of Mn atoms in alloys as a function of the type of $Z$ element is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.007 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.015 | 0.014 |
| Research integrity | 0.013 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.194 | 0.013 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".