Effect of macrovoids in nano-silica/polyimide mixed matrix membranes for high flux CO2/CH4 gas separation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Macrovoid structured mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) composed of nano-size (200 nm) silica particles and co-polyimide were prepared from 6FDA–ODA–DAM (6FDA = 4,4′-(hexafluoroiso-propylidene)diphthalic anhydride; ODA = 4,4′-oxidianiline; DAM = 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,6-phenylenediamine) with different proportions (1 : 1 and 1 : 4) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) via the sol–gel method. The separation performance of MMMs with 6FDA–ODA–DAM treated at high temperature (450 °C) was excellent for CO2/CH4 separation (for 6FOD–ODA–DAM (1 : 1): CO2 permeability ∼265 Barrer and CO2/CH4 selectivity ∼32; for 6FOD–ODA–DAM (1 : 4): CO2 permeability ∼302 Barrer and CO2/CH4 selectivity ∼25). Remarkably, the best membrane could resist pressure up to 600 psi without any loss of permselectivity. The CO2/CH4 separation performance of a series of silica–6FDA–ODA–DAM(11) MMMs with different SiO2 loadings is theoretically predicted using a modified Maxwell model where both gas permeability and macrovoid shape factor are simultaneously considered as adjustable parameters. Applying the optimized values, the modified Maxwell model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental permeability data (less than 2% deviation).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".