Speciation of tin, arsenic and antimony species by using hydride generation and reaction kinetics coupled with ICP-AES and ICP-MS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tin was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and high resolution-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with a hydride generation technique. Stannane generated with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) (SBH) was separated from solution with a spiral tube in a closed vessel. The tin content in marine materials was determined by the present methods. Antimony(III) and antimony(V) were determined by ICP-AES or ICP-MS using the pre-reduction of antimony with L-cysteine. Also, arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) were determined by ICP-MS combined with the pre-reduction of arsenic. Tributyltin and triphenyltin in marine sediments were determined by gas chromatography-atomic absorption spectrometry (GC-AAS) with hydride generation. The chlorides in sediments spiked with a hydrochloric acid solution of 8-quinolinol were extracted into toluene. After the solvent had been converted to ethanol, it was applied to a Bondesil SCX. The organotin compounds were eluted with a methanol solution of hydrochloric acid and determined by GC-AAS after hydridization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".