Single enzyme molecule assay with time resolution using capillary electrophoresis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The continuous flow assay is a capillary electrophoresis-based methodology for the simultaneous measurement of the catalytic rate and electrophoretic mobility of individual molecules of the enzyme β-galactosidase. The method also provides time resolution. This method was used to measure the distribution of single-molecule activities and mobilities of a population of the wild-type Escherichia coli β-galactosidase. The catalytic rate was found to vary over time at an elevated temperature, suggesting a switching between different conformations. The successive incubation of individual molecules at 27°C, 45°C, and again at 27°C was found to convert molecules from one form with a stable catalytic rate to a different form with a different stable catalytic rate. Incubation at higher temperatures was found to cause a sudden and catastrophic loss in activity, which was consistent with denaturation. Increasing the incubation temperature over time was used to generate an Arrhenius plot for a single enzyme molecule. Finally, assaying the enzyme as the slow-release inhibitor d -galactal dissociated allowed for the measurement of the activity of individual subunits within a single molecule.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it