First Report of <i>Rubus yellow net virus</i> on <i>Rubus idaeus</i> in Alberta, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In North America, Rubus yellow net virus (RYNV), a member of the genus Badnavirus, family Caulimoviridae, is vectored in a semipersistent manner by the large raspberry aphid (Amphorophora agathonica Hottes) and is responsible for producing net-like chlorosis of tissue along the leaf veins (2). Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is commonly grown in Canada and after the dry, hot summer of 2006 in southern Alberta, a group of garden raspberry plants located near Lethbridge, Alberta exhibited interveinal chlorosis resembling viral symptoms. Nonenveloped, 140 × 30 nm, bacilliform particles typical of badnaviruses were observed in infected leaves by transmission electron microscopy. The presence of RYNV was confirmed by immunocapture of virions from extracts of symptomatic leaves using Sugarcane bacilliform virus polycolonal antiserum (Agdia Incorporated, Elkhart, IN) followed by PCR amplification of a 451-bp fragment with RYNV-specific primers based on the highly conserved region of the reverse transcriptase and ribonuclease H genes (5'-ATCCTCAAAGGGTTACGTAGCTGGTT-3' and 5'-TTCAAGCCACCTTACCCTCGAAGGTTT-3'). Sequence of clones from the PCR product (GenBank Accession No. EU327346) showed 87% identity to a previously sequenced isolate of RYNV (GenBank Accession No. AF468454) (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of RYNV in Alberta, Canada, and as an important component of raspberry veinbanding disease, it poses a new threat to the Alberta raspberry industry. References: (1) A. T. Jones et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 141:1, 2002. (2) R. Stace-Smith. Can. J. Bot. 33:269, 1955.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".