An $\ion{H}{i}$ interstellar bubble linked to the O-type stars BD +24°3866 and BD +25°3952
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigate the ISM in the vicinity of the O-type stars BD +24°3866 (O8.5II(f)), BD +24°3881 (O6.5III(f)) and BD +24° 3952 (O8) based on radio continuum and Hi line data obtained with the Synthesis Telescope of the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory (DRAO) with synthesized beams of 1 5 and 7´ at 1420 and 408 MHz, respectively. High angular resolution IRAS data (HIRES) are also analyzed. BD +24°3866 is found to be located close to the inner border of a slowly expanding shell. The evolved Hii region Sh2-88, which is excited by BD +25°3952, appears to be interacting with neutral material in the approaching part of this shell. The whole structure is at a distance of 2.4 kpc and is about 2315 pc in radius. The total swept up mass is 1300 . The stellar winds of BD +24°3866 and BD +25°3952, are mainly responsible for shaping the Hi structure. An Hi expanding shell was also found to be related to the Hii region G61.7+0.9. At a kinematic distance of 2.4 kpc, this feature is 10 pc in radius and has neutral and ionized masses of 200 and 135 , respectively. The present observational data do not allow us to identify a definite interstellar Hi feature associated with BD +24°3881. We consider different explanations for this fact.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".