Eastern Red Bat (<i>Lasiurus borealis</i>) Occurrence in Northern Alberta
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Little is known about the distribution of Eastern Red Bats (Lasiurus borealis) at the northwestern edge of their range. We compiled and examined a data set of Eastern Red Bat capture and acoustic records from northern Alberta to examine their distribution, seasonality, and reproductive status near the edge of their range. Acoustic data suggested widespread but patchy distribution across Alberta. The number of captures of Eastern Red Bats in northern Alberta were similar to those of Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus), suggesting that the species may be more common than previously thought. However, we failed to find evidence of reproduction in female Eastern Red Bats in Alberta. Small sample sizes, timing of surveys or difficulty in recognizing juveniles may explain the apparent lack of reproduction. Similar to Hoary Bats, reproductive adult male Eastern Red Bats have been captured with enlarged testes in northern Alberta in August, suggesting sperm production and possibly the start of breeding is taking place there in late summer. In northern Alberta, acoustic monitoring in early spring provided evidence of migratory bats early in the season. A better understanding of seasonal movement patterns and migration, habitat use, and reproduction of Eastern Red Bats in western Canada will require further study. Regardless, our data provide further evidence that the Eastern Red Bat is a more regular member of the bat fauna of northwestern Canada than previously recognized, which may be a result of an expanding distribution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".