The late quaternary oxygen-isotope composition of Southern Lake Huron
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Meltwater events that affected Lake Huron during the last ∼ 12,000 years using the oxygen-isotope records provided by ostracodes have been identified. Three sediment cores were collected from Lake Huron; two from the Goderich Basin and one from the southern Manitoulin Basin. At certain times, these regions were isolated from each other and from other basins in the lake. The oxygen-isotope values obtained for the ostracodes indicate large variations in the composition of lake water, as has been reported elsewhere in Lake Huron. Lake Huron was inundated at least three times by water with very low δ18O values (∼ −20 versus ∼ −7.5% for modern Lake Huron water). This low-18O water originated from the retreating Laurentide ice sheet. It was likely derived from proglacial Lake Agassiz, and may have been released during very short intervals of time. Other periods were characterized by lake water with much higher δ18O values, reaching a maximum of −6.1%. Overall, the oxygen-isotope compositions of early Lake Huron water and its precursors are characterized by extreme variations, which arose both from changing sources and regional climate change.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".