Electron capture branching ratios for the odd–odd intermediate nuclei in double-beta decay using the TITAN ion trap facility
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We suggest a measurement of the electron capture (EC) branching ratios for the odd–odd intermediate nuclei in double-beta (β– β–) decay using the new ion trap facility TITAN at the TRIUMF radioactive beam facility. The EC branching ratios are important for evaluating the nuclear matrix elements involved in the β– β– -decay for both, the 2ν and the 0ν-decay mode. Especially the neutrinoless (0νββ) mode is presently at the center of attention, as it probes the Majorana character of the neutrino, and if observed unambiguously, knowledge of the nuclear matrix elements are the key for determining the neutrino mass. The EC branches are in most cases suppressed by several orders of magnitude relative to their β– -counterparts owing to much lower decay energies, and are, therefore, either poorly known or not known at all. Here, the traditional methods of producing the radioactive isotope through irradiation of a suitable target and then measuring the K-shell X-rays have reached a limit of sensitivity. In this note, we will describe a novel technique to measure the EC branching ratios, where the TITAN ion traps and the ISAC radioactive beam facility at TRIUMF are the central components. This approach will increase the sensitivity limit because of significantly reduced background levels. Seven cases will be discussed in detail and connections to hadronic charge-exchange reactions will be made. For most of these, the daughter isotopes are β– β– -decay nuclei that are presently under intense experimental investigations. These are [Formula: see text]PACS Nos.: 23.40.–s, 23.40.Hc, 29.30.Kv, 29.25.Rm, 14.60.Pq
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".