Amino Acid Metabolism by the Fetal Brain during Normal and Hypoglycemic Conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Serum amino acid concentrations were quantitated using gas-liquid chromatography on blood samples drawn from fetal carotid artery, fetal sagittal vein, and a maternal peripheralartery under baseline conditions and during maternal and fetal hypoglycemia induced acutely by maternal insulin infusion. Serum concentrations of all amino acids were higher in the fetus than in the mother; in most cases, the fetal levels were 2–4 times higher than the maternal. A similar pattern was observed during hypoglycemia, although there was a tendency for most maternal arterial serum amino acid concentrations to decline during hypoglycemia and for most fetal sagittal vein concentrations to increase. Positive arterio venous differences in amino acid concentration across the fetal brain were demonstrated for 14 of 15 amino acids. These differences decreased during hypoglycemia for 12 of these 14 amino acids, and for 7 of these amino acids the hypoglycemic arteriovenous differences actually became negative. The data suggest that acute feto-maternal hypoglycemia impairs net uptake of multiple amino acids by the fetal brain. The relationship, if any, between such impairment and the untoward clinical effects of severe perinatal and/or neonatal hypoglycemia must be established by further investigation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".