Controlling suction by the vapour equilibrium technique at different temperatures and its application in determining the water retention properties of MX80 clay
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Problems related to unsaturated soils are frequently encountered in geotechnical or environmental engineering works. In most cases, for simplicity, one can study the problems by considering the suction effects on volume change or shear strength under isothermal conditions. Often, under these conditions, a temperature-independent water retention curve is considered in the analysis obviously a simplification. When the temperature changes are too significant to be ignored, it is necessary to account for the thermal effects. This note presents a method for controlling suction with the vapour equilibrium technique at different temperatures. First, calibration of various saturated saline solutions was carried out at temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 60 °C. A mirror psychrometer was used to measure relative humidity generated by saturated saline solutions at different temperatures. The results obtained were in good agreement with the data from the literature. This information was then used to determine the water retention properties of MX80 clay, which showed that the retention curve shifts downward with increasing temperature.Key words: vapour equilibrium technique, hygrometer, water retention curve, temperature effects, compacted bentonite.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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