Controlled axial and radial Te-doping of GaAs nanowires
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tellurium (Te)-doping of Au-catalyzed GaAs nanowires (NWs) grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) via the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism is presented. Electrical measurements were performed inside a scanning electron microscope by contacting a tungsten nanoprobe to the Au end of individual NWs grown on a heavily n-type GaAs substrate. Rectifying current-voltage (I-V) characteristics are observed due to the formation of a junction at the Au nanoparticle (NP)/NW interface. The electron concentration ne and contact barrier heights, φ0b, were determined from the analyses of these characteristics. As expected, φ0b increased (from 0.63 ± 0.03 eV to 0.71 ± 0.02 eV) with decreasing Te-precursor flow rate, corresponding to a decrease in ne from (9 ± 1) × 1017 cm−3 to (1.5 ± 0.5) × 1017 cm−3. Meanwhile, undoped NWs had space-charge-limited characteristics. There was a large influence of the residual gallium (Ga) in the NP, on barrier properties, controlled by the group V precursor flow (on or off) during the cooling of the NW sample at the end of the growth process. With the group V flow off during cooling, a decrease in φ0b from 0.79 ± 0.04 eV to 0.63 ± 0.03 eV is observed consistent with a higher Ga alloy concentration in the NP, confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy measurements. We also demonstrate the fabrication of core/shell, undoped/Te-doped, GaAs NWs with very high Te doping (∼1019 cm−3).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".