Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Numerical simulations of the transverse dam-break waves (TDWs) produced by the sudden removal of a gate on the side of a waterway are conducted based on the shallow-water equations to find solutions to a family of water-diversion problems. The Froude numbers in the main flow identify the members of the family. The depth and discharge profiles are analysed in terms of Ritter’s similarity variable. For subcritical main flow, the waves are comprised of a supercritical flow expansion followed by a subcritical outflow. For supercritical main flow, on the other hand, the waves are analogous to the Prandtl–Meyer expansion in gas dynamics. The diversion flow rate of two-dimensional TDWs on a flat bed is 55 % greater than the one-dimensional flow rate of Ritter in the limiting case of zero main flow, and approaches the rate of Ritter in the other limit when the value of the Froude number in the main flow approaches infinity. The diversion flow rate over a weir is generally higher than the rate over a flat bed depending on the Froude number of the main flow. These numerical simulation results are consistent with laboratory observations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".