Hydrometeorological features of the Mackenzie basin climate system during the 1994/95 water year: A period of record Low Discharge
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The phenomena that occurred within and in the vicinity of the Mackenzie basin climate system during the 1994/95 water year are the focus of this study. This water year was characterized by a record low discharge and by a very early discharge into the Arctic Ocean. The low discharge arose because the efficiency with which the record‐low large‐scale moisture convergence over the Mackenzie basin was converted into discharge was also the lowest on record. This low efficiency occurred as a consequence of many atmospheric, surface and hydrological processes and feedbacks occurring during this period. The dry surface conditions that had developed just prior to the start of the water year were also a contributing factor. It is evident through the comprehensive examination of the overall climate system of this basin that many strongly coupled processes were occurring. Our models are able to account for some of these, but more research is needed to address a number of them. Résumé [Traduit par la rédaction] Les phénomènes qui se sont produits à l'intérieur et à proximité du système climatique du bassin du Mackenzie durant l'année hydrologique 1994/1995 constituent le point d'intérêt de cette étude. Cette année hydrologique a été caractérisée par un faible débit record et par une décharge très hâtive dans l'océan Arctique. Le faible débit est survenu parce que l'efficacité avec laquelle la faible convergence record d'humidité à grande échelle sur le bassin du Mackenzie s'est convertie en débit représentait également la plus faible efficacité jamais enregistrée. Cette faible efficacité résulte de plusieurs processus atmosphériques, superficiels et hydrologiques ainsi que des rétroactions qui ont eu lieu au cours de cette période. Parmi les autres facteurs ayant également contribué, mentionnons les conditions sèches à la surface qui se sont manifestées tout juste avant le début de l'année hydrologique. Il est évident, après un examen complet du système climatique du bassin, que plusieurs processus fortement couplés étaient en jeu. Nos modèles sont capables de tenir compte de certains d'entre eux, mais des recherches additionnelles sont requises afin d'en étudier plusieurs. Notes Corresponding author's e‐mail: ron.stewart@ec.gc.ca
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it