Exploring glacier dynamics with subglacial water pressure pulses: Evidence for self‐organized criticality?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to determine whether brief excursions, or “pulses,” in subglacial water pressure inferred by Kavanaugh and Clarke (2000, 2001) occur, water pressures at the bed of Trapridge Glacier, Yukon, Canada, were recorded using an interface board that continuously monitored a pressure transducer. During the 231 day period between 16 July 2005 and 4 March 2006, more than 7000 pressure pulses were recorded, with magnitudes reaching nearly 3 times the flotation value. Comparison of the pressure pulse record with those from a number of other instruments installed in this soft‐bedded glacier indicates that these pulses are generated by stress transients that compress the water within the borehole; calculations suggest that these transients are as large as 75 times the nominal driving stress. Both the magnitudes and interevent times for these pulses are well fitted by power law distributions that are remarkably similar to those exhibited by earthquakes. These similarities suggest that the ice‐bed interface of a soft‐bedded glacier behaves much like an earthquake fault and raises the possibility that such glaciers self‐organize to a critical state. Further evidence for self‐organized criticality (SOC) of soft‐bedded glaciers is suggested by an examination of well‐known ice dynamical properties and the rheological properties of subglacial sediments, which suggests that SOC might be a natural consequence of the rate‐independent behavior of subglacial sediments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".