Differences in activity enhancement of a baculovirus by an optical brightener between <i>Choristoneura fumiferana</i> and <i>Choristoneura occidentalis</i> (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Optical brighteners were recently discovered to function as UV protectants for baculoviruses of insects (Shapiro 1992) and, also, to enhance entomopathogenic activity of these viruses (Hamm and Shapiro 1992; Li and Otvos 1999 a ). Enhancement of viral activity by brighteners varied greatly from one virus–host system to another: for example, from 1500-fold in Ld MNPV against Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) (Argauer and Shapiro 1997) to 2- to 13-fold in a multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ( Cf MNPV) against Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman (Li and Otvos 1999 a ). The reason for this variation in enhancement of viral activity is still unknown. In this study, we used Cf MNPV to compare the levels of viral enhancement by an optical brightener between C. occidentalis and C. fumiferana .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".