Some Factors Shaping the Expansion of Hutterite Colonies in Alberta Since the Repeal of the Communal Property Act in 1973
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Hutterites are a religious sect, an ethnic group, and a communal brotherhood. Since their arrival in North America in 1874, they have resisted assimilation and held onto their language, their schools and socialization processes, their clothing and their lifestyle. Two clan groups of Hutterites relocated to Alberta in 1918. During and after World War Two, the freedom of these Hutterites to buy land on which to establish new colonies was curtailed by legislation. It was not until 1973 that the incoming Lougheed government repealed the Communal Property Act. This paper describes Hutterite expansion during the past thirty-five years and examines the changing context in which their locational decisions have been made. First, the attitudes of the main "actors" - the government, the Hutterites and the people of Alberta - are evaluated, and then some of the issues that have remained contentious are examined. Les Huttérites sont une secte religieuse, un groupe ethnique et une fraternité communale. Depuis leur arrivée en Amérique du Nord en 1874, ils ont résisté à toute assimilation et gardé leur langue, leurs écoles et leurs processus de socialisation, leur mode vestimentaire et leur style de vie. Deux groupes de clans huttérites se sont relocalisés en Alberta en 1918. Pendant et après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, leur liberté d'acquérir des terres sur lesquelles établir de nouvelles colonies a été limitée par la législation. Ce n'est pas avant 1970 que le nouveau gouvernement Lougheed a rescindé le Loi sur la propriété communale. Dans cet article, nous décrivons l'expansion des Huttérites au cours des trente-cinq dernières années et nous examinons les changement du contexte dans lequel leurs décisions de localisation ont été prises. Nous évaluons d'abord les attitudes des principaux «acteurs» - le gouvernement, les Huttérites et la population albertaine -, et nous nous penchons ensuite sur quelques uns des problèmes qui sont restés un objet de contention.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".