Idiopathic hypercalcemia in infants with renal dysplasia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We have observed infants with renal dysplasia who developed sustained hypercalcemia, without vitamin D or calcium supplementation (idiopathic). This has not been previously described. OBJECTIVES: 1) Define incidence, severity and duration of idiopathic hypercalcemia in infants with renal dysplasia below 12 months of age. 2) Evaluate phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D levels in these infants. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted from June 2005 to June 2008. Patients receiving calcium-containing phosphate binders or daily supplemental vitamin D in excess of 400 IU were excluded. Hypercalcemia was defined as at least three corrected calcium values above normal lab values for age, in a one-week interval. RESULTS: 15 of 99 (15%) infants with renal dysplasia had hypercalcemia. All were males; 10/15 (67%) were below one month of age at presentation; 9/15 (60%) had posterior urethral valves (PUV). Mean hypercalcemia duration was 5.2 ± 6.0 months. Mean corrected calcium was 3.07 mmol/l (12.3 mg/dl). Only 3/10 infants had elevated PTH levels. None had elevated phosphate levels and only 1/8 patients who had 25-hydroxyvitamin D measured had an elevated level. CONCLUSIONS: Idiopathic hypercalcemia in infants with renal dysplasia is common. Neonates and those with PUVs are at greatest risk. Most have normal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, phosphate and PTH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".