Occurrence of Dynamic Alpha-Phase Nucleation in Ti-5553 during Hot Deformation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper discusses the microstructural changes during hot deformation, mainly dynamic nucleation and growth of a precipitates, occurring in the b metastable titanium alloy Ti-5553 (Ti–5Al–5Mo–5V–3Cr–0.5Fe). The effect of process variables on flow response and microstructure evolution during hot working of the alloy with initial bimodal microstructure was established using isothermal hot-compression tests. Testing was conducted at 4 strain rates between 0.001 and 1 s−1 and 5 temperatures between 720 °C and 850 °C, on material with prior b grain size of 450 μm, a nodular size of 3 µm and a known primary a-phase fraction. All flow curves exhibited a peak stress followed by moderate flow softening in the two-phase domain. Flow softening was interpreted in terms of deformation heating and substructure or texture evolutions. The dependence on strain rate and temperature of the kinetics of dynamic a-phase nucleation during straining is complex and appears to be of second-order importance compared to the effects of strain. This suggests that the nucleation and growth of a phase in the temperature range between 720 °C and 990 °C results from a mixed-mode displacive-diffusional transformation, similar to the austenite / ferrite transformation above the Ae3 temperature reported by some authors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".