The role of homotypic interactions in the differentiation of B cell precursors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that B lymphopoiesis is dependent upon a stromal cell microenvironment. Many of the stromal cell-derived factors and cell surface interactions that regulate B cell development have been identified; however, little consideration has been paid to the intimate interactions known to occur among B cell precursors themselves in both the fetal liver and marrow microenvironments. In this study we show that homotypic interactions between B cell precursors play an important role in promoting the development of mature B cells. We used an in vitro assay system to demonstrate that the function of stromal cells can be replaced by culturing B cell precursors in proximity. B cell precursors isolated from bcl-2 transgenic mice were used to rule out the possibility that improved survival, hypothesized to result from culturing precursors in proximity, solely accounted for the observed increase in B cell maturation. The putative maturation signal(s) were shown to be dependent upon direct contact between precursors rather than the release of soluble factors from nearby cells. Upon examination of the potential role of several known cell surface proteins, we found that blocking mu heavy chains with monovalent Fab antibody fragments dramatically inhibited maturation, in a stage-specific manner. Together these results suggest that a major function of stromal cells in vivo may be to act as a docking site to promote critical preB-preB homotypic interactions and ensuing signals. Further, the antibody blocking experiments raise the interesting possibility that interactions between B cell precursors themselves may promote and/or regulate preB cell receptor-driven signals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".