Relationship Between IGF-1 and Cortisol/ DHEA-S Ratio in Adult Men With Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome Versus Non-Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background : Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have suggested that low i nsulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) , low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and high cortisol are significant correlates of MS. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between serum IGF-1, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio in adult men with MS either diabetic or non-diabetic. Methods : One hundred adult men were enrolled in this study, divided into three groups: group 1 included 30 patients with diabetic MS, group 2 included 30 patients with non-diabetic MS and group 3 included 40 age and sex-matched controls. Anthropometric measurements, Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), lipid profile, IGF-1, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio were assessed. Results : IGF-1 and DHEA-S levels were significantly lower while serum cortisol and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio were higher in both diabetic MS and non-diabetic MS adult men than healthy con trols; they were also significantly different in the diabetic than in non-diabetic adult men with MS. IGF-1 was significantly and independently correlated with waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HOMA, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio. Cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio was significantly and independently correlated with blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, cortisol and DHEA-S. Conclusion : IGF-1 concentration is reduced and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio is increased along with insulin resistance in adult men with diabetic MS. IR may be responsible for multiple multihormonal dysregulation in MS. doi:10.4021/jem43w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".