Cholesterol lowering with simvastatin reduced stroke in patients with, or at risk of, vascular disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Collins R, Armitage J, Parish S, et al . Effects of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin on stroke and other major vascular events in 20536 people with cerebrovascular disease or other high-risk conditions. Lancet 2004;363:757–67.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Q Does cholesterol lowering with simvastatin reduce the incidence of stroke in patients with, or at high risk of, vascular disease? ### ![Graphic][5] Design: randomised controlled trial (Heart Protection Study [HPS]). ### ![Graphic][6] Allocation: {concealed}*. ### ![Graphic][7] Blinding: blinded {patients, clinicians, and data monitoring committee}*. ### ![Graphic][8] Follow up period: 5 years. ### ![Graphic][9] Setting: {69 hospitals in the UK}*. ### ![Graphic][10] Patients: 20 536 patients (mean age 64 y, 75% men) who had non-fasting blood total cholesterol concentrations ⩾3.5 mmol/l (135 mg/dl) and a medical history of cerebrovascular disease, coronary … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DLancet%26rft.stitle%253DLancet%26rft.aulast%253DCollins%26rft.auinit1%253DR.%26rft.volume%253D363%26rft.issue%253D9411%26rft.spage%253D757%26rft.epage%253D767%26rft.atitle%253DEffects%2Bof%2Bcholesterol-lowering%2Bwith%2Bsimvastatin%2Bon%2Bstroke%2Band%2Bother%2Bmajor%2Bvascular%2Bevents%2Bin%2B20536%2Bpeople%2Bwith%2Bcerebrovascular%2Bdisease%2Bor%2Bother%2Bhigh-risk%2Bconditions.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252FS0140-6736%252804%252915690-0%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F15016485%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15690-0&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=15016485&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F7%2F3%2F82.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000220092000006&link_type=ISI [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [9]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif [10]: /embed/inline-graphic-6.gif
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".