Rethinking development: going beyond the political and economic equations of the various human dimensions for sustainable development in Africa – problems, prospects and the way forward
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There is a serious need for African countries to rethink their development approach.Africa is only known in negative terms the world over.Something positive is also found in the continent contributing to human development and well-being.This paper takes a critical look at issues plaguing the continent's state of underdevelopment and argues that only the people can fashion their development path taking into cognisance the advantages of being a late-comer to the development process.These advantages can best be exploited with visionary leaders, responsive civil society and a cooperative international community working in tandem with progressive governments.Africa needs an enabling democratic environment, an environment where governments puts the interest of the poor first, pushing forward the virtues of democratic governance, partnership, participation and benefit-sharing among the key stakeholders: state-civil society-private sector and international community interface.It must at the same time avoid corrosive effects of corporate cronyism that promotes corruption and cynicism, which is at the heart of most governments in the continent.Bridges must be constructed between modernity and tradition, and between nature and human beings so that knowledge and technology are used to strengthen the positive well-being of the people.Therefore, the state, people and international community must come together to address the problems of overdevelopment, underdevelopment, environmental destruction and poverty.The conclusion is that Africa needs a developmental democratic state.A social contract or heightened covenant for comprehensive and positive actions built on common determination remains imperative.Proactive strategic policy measures are recommended as ways forward in a fast evolving global knowledge-based economy propelled by the dynamics of information and communication technology and genetic engineering.It is only through echoed common hope and vision that concerted efforts could bridge gulfs between development and underdevelopment, affluence and poverty, and nature's gift and human aspirations.A partnership of shared values must be constructed for the common good.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.016 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.048 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.037 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.015 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.014 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".