Shallow Medial Tibial Plateau and Steep Medial and Lateral Tibial Slopes: New Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The geometry of the tibial plateau has been largely ignored as a source of possible risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Discovering the anterior cruciate ligament injury risk factors associated with the tibial plateau may lead to delineation of the existing sex-based disparity in anterior cruciate ligament injuries and help develop strategies for the prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries regardless of gender. HYPOTHESIS: Individuals with a shallower medial tibial depth of concavity, while having increased posteriorly directed slope of their tibial plateau, are at increased risk of suffering an anterior cruciate ligament injury compared with those with decreased posterior slope and increased medial tibial depth. Furthermore, these relationships are different between men and women. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study (prevalence); Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: The medial, lateral, and coronal tibial plateau slopes as well as the medial tibial depth of concavity in 55 uninjured controls (33 women and 22 men) and 49 anterior cruciate ligament-injured cases (27 women and 22 men) were measured using magnetic resonance images. First, a preliminary t test was performed to establish any existing differences between groups. Next, a logistic regression model was developed to determine the probability of anterior cruciate ligament injury in an individual based on the measured covariates. RESULTS: The female anterior cruciate ligament-injured cases had increased lateral tibial slope (P = .03) and shallower medial tibial depth (P = .0003) compared with the uninjured controls, while male cases had increased lateral and medial tibial slope (P = .02) and shallower medial tibial depth (P = .0004) compared with controls. The logistic regression analysis and odds ratio estimates showed that medial tibial depth is an important risk factor (odds ratio = 3.03 per 1 mm decrease in its value), followed by lateral tibial slope (odds ratio = 1.17 per 1 degrees increase in its value) in all participants. The medial tibial slope (odds ratio = 1.18 per 1 degrees increase in its value) was a risk factor only in men. CONCLUSION: A combination of increased posterior-directed tibial plateau slope and shallow medial tibial plateau depth could be a major risk factor in anterior cruciate ligament injury susceptibility regardless of gender. Different injury risk models may be needed for men and women as other key risk factors are identified.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it