Performances d'un biofiltre à garnissage plastique pour le traitement d'effluents fortement contaminés en phénol, cadmium et chrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence in domestic wastewater of high concentrations of organic and inorganic contaminants represents a serious problem for the treatment of these effluents. This research aimed to establish the performance of an aerobic biofiltration system with plastic packing for the treatment of effluents having high concentrations of phenol (300–500 mg·L –1 ), Cd(II) (2.5–10.0 mg·L –1 ), and Cr(III) (5.0–20.0 mg·L –1 ). Six biofilter units were first started in batch mode and then operated in continuous mode under similar conditions. High removal yields were measured for chemical oxygen demand (98.3% ± 0.3%), phenol (100% ± 0%), Cr (99.3% ± 0.6%), and Cd (90.4% ± 0.8%) from a synthetic effluent initially containing 300 mg·L –1 phenol, 5.0 mg Cr·L –1 , and 2.5 mg Cd·L –1 . Thereafter, the six columns were submitted to various operating conditions (hydraulic load, pH, phenol, cadmium, and chromium concentrations). This study showed that this system is efficient for the treatment of effluents having high concentrations of contaminants. To preserve a good efficiency of the system, the affluent must be kept at pH values equal to or higher than 6.0. Key words: biofiltration, phenol, chromium, cadmium, column, effluent, biomass, plastic. [Journal translation]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".