In situ rumen degradation characteristics of sixty cultivars of barley grain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our objectives were to determine the extent of genetic variability in the rate and extent of ruminal digestion among 60 cultivars of barley, and to evaluate the correlations between ruminal digestion characteristics and chemical composition and test weight of barley cultivars. Barley samples were ground through a 2-mm screen, and bags containing 1 g of ground grains were incubated in the rumen of three late-lactation Holstein cows with rumen cannulae for 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 h. The rate and extent of ruminal digestion were estimated. The insoluble DM fraction ranged from 33.4 to 56.4%, the degradable DM fraction ranged from 34.1 to 60.2%, and the rate of degradation of DM ranged from 0.200 h −1 to 0.624 h −1 . Hulled barley cultivars had lower (P < 0.05) soluble and degradable fractions than hulless cultivars. The soluble fraction was positively correlated to starch content of barley cultivars (P = 0.01) and the degradable fraction was correlated to the test weight and CP content (P < 0.01). The observed variability in the ruminal digestion characteristics of barley cultivars indicates that genetic selection holds promise as a means of enhancing the nutritional quality of barley for ruminants. We also observed that 70% of the variation in digestibility could be explained by measures of bulk density, starch content, and kernel weight. Key words: Barley cultivars, in situ degradability
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".