Single-Dose Dexamethasone Induces Whole-Body Insulin Resistance and Alters Both Cardiac Fatty Acid and Carbohydrate Metabolism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Glucocorticoids impair insulin sensitivity. Because insulin resistance is closely linked to increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases and given that metabolic abnormalities have been linked to initiation of heart failure, we examined the acute effects of dexamethasone (DEX) on rat cardiac metabolism. Although injection of DEX for 4 h was not associated with hyperinsulinemia, the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp showed a decrease in glucose infusion rate. Rates of cardiac glycolysis were unaffected, whereas the rate of glucose oxidation following DEX was significantly decreased and could be associated with augmented expression of PDK4 mRNA and protein. Myocardial glycogen content in DEX hearts increased compared with control. Similar to hypoinsulinemia induced by streptozotocin (STZ), hearts from insulin-resistant DEX animals also demonstrated enlargement of the coronary lipoprotein lipase (LPL) pool. However, unlike STZ, DEX hearts showed greater basal release of LPL and were able to maintain their high heparin-releasable LPL in vitro. This effect could be explained by the enhanced LPL mRNA expression following DEX. Our data provide evidence that in a setting of insulin resistance, an increase in LPL could facilitate increased delivery of fatty acid to the heart, leading to excessive triglyceride storage. It has not been determined whether these acute effects of DEX on cardiac metabolism can be translated into increased cardiovascular risk.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".