Intrinsic Disorder and Function of the HIV-1 Tat Protein
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The type 1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus transcriptional regulator Tat is a small RNA-binding protein essential for viral gene expression and replication. The protein binds to a large number of proteins within infected cells and non-infected cells, and has been demonstrated to impact a wide variety of cellular activities. Early circular dichroism studies showed a lack of regular secondary structure in the protein whereas proton NMR studies suggested several different conformations. Multinuclear NMR structure and dynamics analysis indicates that the reduced protein is intrinsically disordered with a predominantly extended conformation at pH 4. Multiple resonances for several atoms suggest the existence of multiple local conformers in rapid equilibrium. An X-ray diffraction structure of equine Tat, in a complex with its cognate RNA and cyclin T1, supports this conclusion. Intrinsic disorder explains the protein's capacity to interact with multiple partners and effect multiple biological functions; the large buried surface in the X-ray diffraction structure illustrates how a disordered protein can have a high affinity and high specificity for its partners and how disordered Tat assembles a protein complex to enhance transcription elongation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".