Effect of <i>Bt</i>-Corn Hybrids on Deoxynivalenol Content in Grain at Harvest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Concentrations of the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B 1 in grain were compared among Bt-transformed corn hybrids and their non-Bt isolines on 102 commercial corn fields across Ontario from 1996 to 1999. Intensities of naturally occurring populations of Ostrinia nubilalis were assessed from tunneling measurements in the stalks of non-Bt isolines in 1996 and 1997. Mean concentrations of fumonisin B 1 across hybrids were <0.25 μg g -1 in every year of the study. Relationships between the concentration of fumonisin B 1 and intensity of O. nubilalis or with the use of Bt corn hybrids could not be determined because the concentrations of fumonisin B 1 were below the lower limit of detection in most fields (<0.1 μg g -1 ). However, DON was more prevalent with mean concentrations across fields from 0.42 μg g -1 in 1997 to 1.12 μg g -1 in 1999. The effect of Bt hybrids on reducing concentrations of DON was mainly dependent on the intensity of O. nubilalis in each field. Where a high intensity (stalk injury) of O. nubilalis was observed (>4 cm of tunnel per stalk in the non-Bt), the use of Bt hybrids reduced concentrations of DON by an average of 59% from concentrations in the non-Bt isoline. Where the intensity of O. nubilalis was low (<4 cm of tunneling per stalk), concentrations of DON were not different among Bt and non-Bt hybrids. Concentrations of DON were low and not different between events Bt11 and 176 among Bt hybrids. A quadratic relationship was developed showing that the concentration of DON increased with intensity of O. nubilalis feeding. This study cautiously supports the use of Bt corn to reduce the risk of high concentrations of DON at harvest in Ontario.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".