Pulsating auroral electron flux modulations in the equatorial magnetosphere
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, we present the first in situ continuous measurements of electron flux modulations in the near‐equatorial magnetosphere correlated with pulsating aurora (PA) observations. The contested conjecture that the source of these electrons originates near the equator, made decades ago using sounding rocket data, has now been confirmed using this data. We compared the frequencies of equatorial electron flux pulsations and PA luminosity fluctuations at their ionospheric footprint, using simultaneous satellite‐ and ground‐based data from GOES 13 and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) instrumentation. Observations of PA were obtained on 15 March 2008 using a THEMIS All‐Sky Imager (ASI) located in northern Canada. The field line footprint of the geostationary GOES 13 satellite, mapped down to the ionosphere at ∼100 km, falls within the field‐of‐view of the ASI. We examined electron flux data from the Magnetospheric Electron Detector (MAGED) on GOES 13, in the energy range of 30 to 50 keV, by computing an array of the correlation coefficients between the pixel luminosity for each individual pixel of the ASI images and the flux measurements at the satellite. The results reveal a direct correlation between diffuse luminosity fluctuation periods near the ground and particle pulsation periods. The time variance between the two data sets was examined in order to explore the validity of the equatorial source region premise. The resulting time lag of < 1 s in the PA measurements is consistent with this claim. We also report on a preliminary quantification of the loss cone using the MAGED telescope response functions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".