Differential N-glycosylation of Kallikrein 6 Derived from Ovarian Cancer Cells or the Central Nervous System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other gynecological disorder. Perturbed glycosylation is one of the hallmarks of this malignancy. Kallikrein 6 (KLK6) elevation in serum is a diagnostic and prognostic indicator in ovarian cancer. The majority of ovarian carcinomas express high levels of KLK6, which diffuses into the circulation. Under physiological conditions, KLK6 is expressed highly in the central nervous system and found at high levels in cerebrospinal fluid from where it enters the circulation. Our aim was to characterize and compare the N-glycosylation status of this protein in ovarian cancer ascites fluid and cerebrospinal fluid. Anion-exchange chromatography was used to reveal different post-translational modifications on the two isoforms. Mobility gel shift Western blot analysis coupled with glycosidase digestion showed that the molecular weight difference between the two isoforms was because of differential glycosylation patterns. The presence of a single N-glycosylation site on KLK6 was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis. Using a Sambucus nigra agglutinin-monoclonal antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay approach, it was shown that ovarian cancer-derived KLK6 was modified with alpha2-6-linked sialic acid. The structure and composition of glycans of both KLK6 isoforms was elucidated by glycopeptide monitoring with electrospray ionization-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. Therefore, the extensive and almost exclusive sialylation of KLK6 from ovarian cancer cells could lead to the development of an improved biomarker for the early diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".