Upregulation of Thrombospondin 1 Expression in Synovial Tissues and Plasma of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 toward Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) in RA. METHODS: Expression of TSP-1 in synovial tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. Expression of TSP-1 in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS) was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA. Correlations among the plasma TSP-1 and other variables in patients with RA were examined. RESULTS: Expression of TSP-1 was increased in rheumatoid synovial tissues. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) clearly increased TSP-1 expression in FLS on both mRNA and protein levels. Changes in plasma TSP-1 were associated with those in 28-joint Disease Activity Score-erythrocyte sedimentation rate and plasma TGF-β1. CONCLUSION: TSP-1 might be critically involved in the disease process of RA through the TGF-β1/TSP-1 axis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".