Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Assessment of the energetic costs of parasitism is central to understanding the role of parasites in their hosts' foodwebs, but few studies have directly measured these costs. This study demonstrates that infection with the acanthocephalan parasite Acanthocephalus tehlequahensis causes a significant and direct energetic cost to its freshwater isopod intermediate host Ceacidotea communis at both individual and population levels. Bomb calorimetry was used to measure energy (kj·m−2.y−1) allocated to host growth, reproduction, and respiration in infected and uninfected isopods and to parasite tissue in infected isopods. Infected isopod individuals allocated ~21% of their net production energy to parasite growth, and they were larger (length), consumed more leaf detritus, and lost significantly more energy to respiration than uninfected controls (P ≤ 0.05). They also allocated proportionally less energy to tissue growth, allocated zero energy to reproduction, and were less efficient at converting energy into isopod biomass when compared to uninfected controls (P ≤ 0.05). In the field, isopod populations were surveyed monthly for a year. The parasite had a mean infection prevalence in the stream of 30.19% ± 8.31 SE with a mean intensity of 1.12 ± 0.39 SE parasites/host in the population, and based on this infection rate, it is estimated that ∼6.7% of total production energy of the isopod population (infected and uninfected) is diverted towards the parasite.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it