Suppression of Genes Related to Hypertrophy and Osteogenesis in Committed Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Novel Nitrogen-Rich Plasma Polymer Coatings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent progenitor cells with the ability to generate cartilage, bone, muscle, tendon, ligament, and fat. However, recent evidence indicates that a major drawback of current cartilage- and intervertebral disc-tissue engineering is that human MSCs isolated from some arthritic patients (a clinically relevant source of stem cells) express type X collagen (a marker of chondrocyte hypertrophy associated with endochondral ossification) and osteogenic markers. Some studies have attempted to use growth factors to inhibit type X collagen expression, but none has addressed the possible effect of the chemical composition of the substratum on chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteogenesis. Here, we examine the growth and differentiation potential of human MSCs cultured on nitrogen (N)-rich plasma polymer layers (N-doped plasma-polymerized ethylene, containing up to 36% nitrogen; PPE:N). We show that PPE:N almost completely suppresses the expression not only of type X collagen, but also of osteogenic marker genes such as alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin. In contrast, neither aggrecan nor type I collagen expression were significantly affected. These results indicate that PPE:N coatings may be suitable surfaces for inducing MSCs to a chondrocyte or disc-like phenotype for tissue engineering of cartilage or intervertebral discs, in which hypertrophy and osteogenesis are suppressed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".