Fulminant liver failure during interferon beta treatment of multiple sclerosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although interferon (IFN) β has many adverse effects, including flulike illness, increased spasticity, and laboratory abnormalities,1 autoimmune events are usually limited to autoantibodies with the thyroid the most common target organ involved.2 Liver abnormalities during IFN β therapy are usually clinically asymptomatic and transient biochemical events.1,2⇓ We report a patient who developed acute fulminant liver failure a few weeks after the initiation of IFN β and required an emergency liver transplant. Fulminant failure as a result of IFN β is not well reported in the MS literature and this is the first patient reported who required a liver transplant as a result of MS therapy. A 59-year-old Caucasian woman was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in hepatic coma and hepatorenal syndrome 7 weeks after starting interferon β-1a (Rebif, Serono-Canada, Oakville, Ontario, Canada). One year previously, she developed diplopia and ataxia. An MRI scan disclosed small deep white matter …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".