Spatio-temporal analysis of ground deformation occurring near Rice Lake, Saskatchewan, and observed by Radarsat-2 DInSAR during 2008–2011
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present ground deformation maps for the southern Saskatchewan region between Rice Lake and the City of Saskatoon measured by Radarsat-2 Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) during 2008–2011. We acquired and processed Radarsat-2 data from two different tracks (Multi-Look Fine beam and one Standard beam) and performed advanced interferometric analysis that revealed ground deformation with a maximum line-of-sight rate close to 10 cm per year. Decomposition of ascending and descending, line-of-sight images into horizontal (mainly east–west) and vertical components revealed the presence of localized horizontal motion with a maximum absolute rate of 4 cm per year and subsidence with a maximum rate of −10 cm per year. These results suggested that simple line-of-sight time series analysis of interferometric data acquired in single geometry is insufficient for capturing a complete pattern of ground deformation and can be misleading in the presence of both horizontal and vertical components of deformation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".