Accretion in brown dwarfs down to nearly planetary masses
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We show that in accreting ultra low‐mass stars and brown dwarfs, the CaII λ 8662 emission line flux correlates remarkably well with the mass accretion rate ( $ \dot M $ ), just as it does in higher mass classical T Tauri stars (CTTs). A straightforward measurement of the CaII flux thus provides an easier $ \dot M $ determination technique than detailed modeling of the H α emission line profile (except at the very lowest accretion rates, where CaII does not appear to be in emission for ultra low‐mass objects, and H α modeling is required). Using optical high‐resolution spectra, we infer $ \dot M $ from CaII emission for young ultra low‐mass objects down to nearly the deuterium‐burning (planetary‐mass) limit. Our results, in combination with previous determinations of $ \dot M $ in CTTs, illustrate that the accretion rate declines steeply with mass, roughly as $ \dot M $ ∝ M * 2 (albeit with considerable scatter). A similar relationship has been suggested by previous studies; we extend it down to nearly the planetary regime. The physical reason for this phenomenon is not yet clear; we discuss various possible mechanisms. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it