Transient marine electromagnetic responses of 3D resistive structures: Implications for navigation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The marine controlled-source electromagnetic method has become a popular technique for mapping the electrical resistivity structure of the seafloor. Electromagnetic fields, produced by an electric dipole transmitter, diffuse through the earth and are recorded on the seabed by nodal or cable based electric dipole receivers. Accurate information on transmitter and receiver geometry is extremely important for proper interpretation; errors in the position and orientation of the transmitter and/or the receivers propagate into errors in the predicted seafloor resistivity. We consider the special situation where a receiver cable is towed in the vicinity of a transmitter which is located on the seafloor with a known position and orientation. We theoretically and numerically examine the response of this system for a selection of 1D, 2D, and 3D models, and show that although the electromagnetic field recorded at early times contains information about the subsurface resistivity, the late time decay of the transient response is only a function of the seawater conductivity and receiver position for all the models we consider. In fact, the shape of the late time decay is almost exactly the same as that of a dipole in a wholespace having the same resistivity as seawater. This shows that late time transient information can be used to determine the position of the receiver cable, whereas early time information can be used to determine the resistivity structure of the seafloor.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".