The CNOC2 sample of intermediate redshift galaxy groups - the powerhouse of galaxy evolution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The evolution of galaxies in groups may have important implications for the global evolution of star formation rate in the Universe, since many processes which operate in groups may suppress star formation, and the fraction of galaxies bound in groups at the present day is as high as ~60%. We present an analysis of our sample of 0.3<=z<=0.55 groups, selected from the CNOC2 redshift survey and supplemented with deep spectroscopy and HST ACS imaging. We find that these groups contain significantly more passive galaxies than the field, with excesses of S0, elliptical and passive spiral galaxy types. The morphological composition is closely matched to that of more massive irregular clusters at a similar epoch. Contrasting with galaxy samples in a variety of environments and epochs, we find that the fraction of passive galaxies (EW[OII]<5A), is strongly evolving in the group environment, with parallel evolution in the (global) field population, whilst little evolution is observed in cluster cores since z~1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".