An Analytical Model of Wave Bottom Boundary Layers Incorporating Turbulent Relaxation and Diffusion Effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract To calculate the effects of turbulent relaxation on oscillatory turbulent boundary layers, a viscoelastic term is added to an eddy viscosity model. The viscoelastic term parameterizes the lag of turbulent properties in response to imposed oscillatory shear and is proportional to the ratio between the timescales of eddy dissipation and of the oscillating flow. It is found that the turbulent relaxation plays an important role in the phase variations of velocity and shear stress with elevation, and that it decreases the friction factor and the phase lead of bed shear stress over free stream velocity. To assess the effects of turbulent diffusion in this problem, the viscoelastic model is extended by further introducing a turbulent diffusion term in the model. The comparisons between these two models indicate that turbulent diffusion significantly reduces the magnitudes of shear stress and velocity perturbation in the outer region of the boundary layer. It is also found that the effects of turbulent relaxation and diffusion increase with increasing relative roughness. As a result, the analytical solutions demonstrate an overall improvement over the eddy viscosity model in predicting the observed temporal evolution of velocity and shear stress profiles; this improvement is more distinct for rough beds than smooth beds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".