Influence of preinoculation light intensity on development and interactions of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> and <i>Clonostachys rosea</i> in tomato leaves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tomato plants produced in pots in a greenhouse were kept in low intensities of photosynthetically active radiation (400-700 nm at means of 384, 308, 135, and 14 μmol·m2·s1) during 16-h photoperiods for 0, 5, 10, or 15 days. Immediately after treatment, leaflets of the fourth and fifth leaves were detached and inoculated with Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr. (106 conidia/mL), the biocontrol agent Clonostachys rosea (Link:Fr.) Schroers, Samuels, Siefert and W. Gams (107 conidia/mL), or both fungi (same final concentrations). Germination of each fungus was estimated after leaflets were incubated at high humidity for 24 h, and sporulation was measured after further incubation on paraquat-chloramphenicol agar medium. When B. cinerea was inoculated alone, germination incidence, germ tube length, and percent leaf area with conidiophores of the pathogen each generally increased as preinoculation light intensity was decreased and number of days in reduced light intensity was increased. Similar response patterns were found for C. rosea when inoculated alone, except that germination, high on untreated leaves, was affected by duration but not intensity of light treatment. On coinoculated leaves, germination and germ tube length of B. cinerea increased with duration of low-intensity light treatments, but no conidiophores were produced. Germination and germ tube length of C. rosea were each higher when the agent was coinoculated than when inoculated alone, but conidiophore production was similar. Germination, germ tube length, and conidiophore production of B. cinerea, inoculated alone, correlated with electrolyte leakage from the leaves (r = 0.78, 0.67, and 0.82, respectively). Respective values for C. rosea were r = 0.65, 0.68, and 0.67. Collectively, the data indicate that low-intensity light predisposed the leaves to development of B. cinerea and C. rosea on the phylloplane, and to sporulation of the two fungi, after leaves were killed on paraquat-chloramphenicol agar, but did not affect ability of C. rosea to control spore production of B. cinerea. A hypothesis that increased nutrient leakage from leaf cells mediated effects of low-intensity light was supported by the correlations of electrolyte leakage with development of B. cinerea and C. rosea.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".