The Effect of in Vitro Passage of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) on Virulence and Sensitivity of the Virus to Rainbow Trout Serum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Three infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) isolates (A1 serotype, Buhl subtype) were passaged five times in rainbow trout gonad (RTG)-2 cells with either minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (MEM-10) or MEM-10 supplemented with 1% rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss serum (MEM−RTS) to determine the effect of passage of the virus on its virulence and sensitivity to RTS. Mortalities in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis fry were highly variable during viral passages; however, in general, most of the IPNV isolates were virulent under all conditions. The IPNV mortalities ranged between 30% and 89%. Maintenance of virulence during the five passages was dependent on the IPNV isolate and culture conditions. Rainbow trout serum did not always facilitate maintenance of viral virulence during the passages. Isolate mortalities after multiple passages were virulence dependent: the highly virulent isolate showed peak mortality from 4 to 11 d postexposure, while the low-virulence isolate showed delayed peak mortality from 8 to 14 d postexposure. The virus isolates passaged in MEM-10 or MEM−RTS were generally resistant to in vitro inactivation by RTS except for the isolate from noble crayfish Astacus astacus passaged in MEM-10. This isolate became highly sensitive to RTS, demonstrating a reduction in tissue culture infectious dose with 50% endpoint of 10−8.0/mL in virus titer. However, increased RTS sensitivity of the virus did not correlate with decreased virulence. Overall, no relationship was observed between virulence and the RTS sensitivity of the virus. All isolates passaged showed identical monoclonal reaction patterns with a panel of 11 monoclonal antibodies, irrespective of viral virulence and sensitivity to RTS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".