A Novel Founder CHEK2 Mutation is Associated with Increased Prostate Cancer Risk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Variants in the CHEK2 have been found to be associated with prostate cancer risk in the United States and Finland. We sequenced CHEK2 gene in 140 Polish patients with prostate cancer and then genotyped the three detected variants in a larger series of prostate cancer cases and controls. CHEK2 truncating mutations (IVS2 + 1G>A or 1100delC) were identified in 9 of 1921 controls (0.5%) and in 11 of 690 (1.6%) unselected patients with prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 3.4; P = 0.004]. These mutations were found in 4 of 98 familial prostate cases (OR = 9.0; P = 0.0002). The missense variant I157T was also more frequent in men with prostate cancer (7.8%) than in controls (4.8%), but the relative risk was more modest (OR = 1.7; P = 0.03). I157T was identified in 16% of men with familial prostate cancer (OR = 3.8; P = 0.00002). Loss of the wild-type CHEK2 allele was not observed in any of prostate cancers from five men who carried CHEK2-truncating mutations. Our results provide evidence that the two truncating mutations of CHEK2 confer a moderate risk of prostate cancer in Polish men and that the missense change appears to confer a modest risk.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".