Expression Profile and Function of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells–1 during Melioidosis
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) amplifies Toll-like receptor-initiated responses against pathogens. We aimed to characterize TREM-1 expression and function during sepsis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis). METHODS: TREM-1 expression was determined on leukocytes and plasma from 34 patients with melioidosis and 32 controls and in mice with experimentally induced melioidosis. Responsiveness toward B. pseudomallei of TREM-1(+) and TREM-1(-) leukocytes was tested in vitro. TREM-1 function was inhibited in mice by a synthetic peptide mimicking the ectodomain of this receptor. RESULTS: Patients demonstrated increased soluble (s) TREM-1 plasma levels and TREM-1 surface expression on monocytes but not granulocytes. Similarly, mice inoculated with B. pseudomallei displayed a gradual rise in sTREM-1 level and an increase in blood monocyte but not granulocyte TREM-1 expression. At the primary infection site, however, granulocyte TREM-1 expression was enhanced, and the rise in sTREM-1 level occurred earlier. Additionally, purified human TREM-1(-) granulocytes showed reduced responsiveness to B. pseudomallei relative to TREM-1(+)granulocytes, a difference not detected for TREM-1(-) and TREM-1(+) monocytes. Treatment with a peptide mimicking a conserved domain of sTREM-1 partially protected mice from B. pseudomallei-induced lethality. CONCLUSIONS: During melioidosis, TREM-1 expression is differentially regulated on granulocytes and monocytes; measurement of TREM-1 expression on blood granulocytes may not provide adequate information on granulocyte TREM-1 expression at the infection site. TREM-1 may be a therapeutic target in melioidosis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it